Neuromorphic engineering is an interdisciplinary field dedicated to designing artificial systems that emulate the structural and computational principles of biological nervous systems. This involves creating hardware that mimics neurons and synapses to achieve brain-like capabilities. The field investigates neural computation, brain architecture, and their implementation in integrated circuits and systems, often employing analog, mixed-signal, or digital circuits with characteristics such as asynchronous, event-driven processing, high parallelism, and low power consumption. Its significance lies in developing energy-efficient, robust, and intelligent computing paradigms capable of real-time processing, learning, and adaptation for tasks like perception, control, and cognitive functions.